International Journal of Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Management
International Journal of Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Management (IJEIM) is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal published by the Department of Business and Entrepreneurship at Kwara State University, Malete. It provides a platform for high-quality research on entrepreneurship, innovation systems, and contemporary management practices, with relevance to both emerging and developed economies. The journal promotes interdisciplinary inquiry, empirical rigor, and practical insights that inform policy, business strategy, and sustainable enterprise development, particularly within the African and global business environment. ISSN: 2630-7014
Department of Business and EntrepreneurshipK, wara State University, Malete
Digital Entrepreneurship and Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) Performance in Osun State, Nigeria
This study examined the influence of digital entrepreneurship on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Osun State, Nigeria. A survey research design was employed, and data were collected from 245 SME respondents across the Production, Trading, and Services sectors using structured questionnaires. Descriptive analysis revealed widespread adoption of digital entrepreneurship tools. Multiple regression results showed that E-commerce adoption (t = 6.64, â = 0.296), digital services (t = 7.45, â = 0.313) and software development (t = 6.73, â = 0.353) all had positive influence on SME performance, with digital services exerting the strongest impact. SMEs leveraging these tools reported improved operational efficiency, improved customer engagement, and increased financial performance. The results further highlighted the importance of contextual factors such as infrastructure quality, market readiness, and user capabilities in promoting the benefits of digital adoption. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that strategic adoption and integration of digital entrepreneurship tools, combined with skills development and supportive infrastructure, can enhance SME performance and competitiveness in Osun State. It recommended that policymakers, SME owners, and technology providers collaborate to strengthen digital literacy, optimize digital services, and improve enabling infrastructure to maximize performance outcomes, sustain growth, and foster long-term resilience.
Digital entrepreneurship, E-commerce, Digital services, Software development, SMEs performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Management
Maximization of Organizational Resources For Innovation Rate of Selected Microfinance Banks In Kwara State
Organizational resources are now considered essential in promoting innovation and gaining a competitive advantage in today's business environment, especially in microfinance banks, where high employee turnover is known to impede innovative processes. Despite the increased trend of digital usage, the rational distribution of resources is still limited in promoting human resource analytics in innovation processes. The provisioning of resources and analytical acumen are still low, which limits gaining insight into employee turnover and engagement. This study aims to evaluate the impact of organizational resource distribution on innovation outputs within the context of human resource analytics in microfinance banks in Kwara State, Nigeria. The impact of provisioning and analytical acumen on innovation outputs, as measured by employee turnover, was specifically assessed. A quantitative research design was utilized in this research work, and a cross-sectional survey design was adopted. Data collection involved a survey of microfinance bank employees in Ilorin, Kwara State. A population of 354 staff members of fifteen microfinance banks in Ilorin, Kwara State, constituted the population of this research work. Simple random sampling techniques were utilized to extract a sample of 184 respondents. Structured questionnaires were utilized to obtain primary data, and multiple regression analysis techniques were utilized in analyzing the data. Resource provisioning significantly and positively influences innovation performance (â = 0.283, p < 0.001), and analytical acumen significantly influences innovation performance (â = 0.321, p < 0.001). A moderate relationship existed between resource provisioning and innovation performance (R = 0.612), and the regression model showed that 37.5% of innovation output is explained by independent variables (R² = 0.375). Resource provisioning and analytical acumen, backed up by HR analytics tools, are vital in curbing attrition, boosting engagement, and facilitating innovation in microfinance banks. And the study recommends that Long-term investments in technologically sophisticated systems are recommended..
Analytical Capabilities, Innovation Rate, Human Resource Analytics Adoption, and Organizational Resources
Effect of Mobile Money Services on the Performance of Micro-Businesses In Bida, Niger State
This study investigates the effect of mobile money services on the performance of micro-businesses in Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. Mobile money, which is described as an online financial service, through which a transaction is made possible using a mobile phone and without the necessity of having a formal bank account, has become an aspect of financial inclusion within the developing economies. The study relies on primary data of 383 micro-business proprietors who were picked by using stratified random sampling. Analytical software such as descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multivariate regression (MVREG) was used to test the assumed relationship between mobile money adoption and performance indicators, proxied revenue growth and profitability. Findings indicates that the use of mobile money ( = 0.121, p < 0.01) and profitability ( = 0.109, p < 0.01) has a significant positive effect on cash flow, transaction costs, customer convenience, and, as a result, profitability. The results are consistent with the world literature that highlights the transformative nature of digital finance in reducing the financial inclusion gap. The study recomments that enhancing agent networks of mobile money, enhancing digital infrastructure, and enhancing financial literacy can help to enhance micro-business resilience and spur inclusive local economic development.
Mobile money, Micro-businesses, Financial inclusion, Revenue growth, Profitability
Green Product Innovation and Business Sustainability: Evidence From Kamwire Steel Limited, Ilorin, Kwara State
The increasing environmental degradation and resource depletion associated with industrial activities, particularly in the construction and steel industry, have raised serious concerns about the sustainability of business operations. Despite growing global emphasis on sustainability, many firms in developing economies continue to struggle with integrating environmentally friendly innovations into their production processes. This gap necessitates empirical investigation into how green product innovation can enhance business sustainability. This study examines the effect of green product innovation on business sustainability, using employees of Kamwire Steel Limited in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria as the study population. A quantitative research approach with a cross-sectional survey design was adopted. The population of the study comprised 500 employees, from which a sample size of 222 was determined using the Taro Yamane formula. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings reveal that green product innovation has a significant positive effect on business sustainability. Specifically, eco-design (â = 0.231, p < 0.01), green material usage (â = 0.198, p < 0.01), energy-efficient production (â = 0.276, p < 0.01), and waste reduction and recycling (â = 0.189, p < 0.01) were found to significantly influence sustainability outcomes. Among these, energy-efficient production emerged as the most influential predictor. The model explained a substantial proportion of variance in business sustainability, indicating the critical role of environmentally oriented innovation in achieving sustainable performance. The study concluded that green product innovation is a key driver of business sustainability in the construction and steel industry. It recommends that firms should prioritise energy-efficient technologies, adopt eco-design practices, utilise sustainable materials, and implement effective recycling systems.
Green product innovation, business sustainability, eco-design, energy efficiency, construction and steel industry
Tiktok Marketing and Brand Image of Selected Pharmaceutical Industry in North Central, Nigeria
In an era where digital conversations shape perceptions overnight, platforms like TikTok have emerged as powerful spaces for brands to build trust, visibility, and community connection. This study examines the influence of TikTok marketing on the brand image of pharmaceutical company in north central Nigeria, focusing on four key dimensions: content creativity, influencer collaboration, informational value, and customer engagement. A quantitative research approach was employed, with data collected from 400 respondents through a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression techniques to evaluate the relationships between TikTok marketing variables and brand image. The findings indicate that TikTok marketing has a significant effect on brand image, with the regression model explaining 51.5% of the variance (Adjusted R² = 0.515). The overall model was statistically significant (F = 107.83, p < 0.001), confirming that the selected variables are strong predictors of brand perception. Informational value emerged as the most influential factor (â = 0.327, p < 0.001), followed by content creativity (â = 0.301, p < 0.001), customer engagement (â = 0.233, p < 0.001), and influencer collaboration (â = 0.185, p < 0.001). These results suggest that consumers prioritize accurate, relevant, and useful information when interacting with pharmaceutical content on TikTok, while creative and engaging content enhances overall perception and interaction. The study concludes that TikTok marketing plays a critical role in shaping pharmaceutical brand image, particularly when content is informative, credible, and engaging. It further establishes that informational value and content creativity are the most significant drivers of positive brand perception in high-involvement industries. The then study recommends that pharmaceutical companies prioritize the development of informative and educational content that enhances consumer understanding and trust. Additionally, firms should integrate creative strategies to improve content appeal and leverage interactive features to boost customer engagement. While influencer collaboration remains relevant, partnerships should focus on credible and knowledgeable individuals to ensure authenticity and compliance with industry regulations.
Brand Image, Pharmaceutical Industries, TikTok Marketing
Non-Technological Innovation: A Catalyst for Sustainable Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Growth in Nigeria
As MSMEs face increasing pressure to remain competitive in a dynamic economic environment, non-technological innovation has emerged as a critical driver of sustainability. This study investigates the influence of non-technological innovation on the sustainable growth of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Nigeria, with a specific focus on organisational and marketing innovations. The research employed a quantitative approach, gathering data from 418 respondents through structured questionnaires distributed to selected MSMEs across key Nigerian states. Data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. The findings highlight that organisational innovation has a positive but weak influence on sustainable MSME growth, suggesting that changes in internal structures, work routines, and managerial practices are supportive but not strongly impactful. On the other hand, marketing innovation exhibited a stronger and highly significant effect on sustainable growth, underscoring the importance of innovative marketing strategies, customer relationship management, and market positioning. These results highlight marketing innovation as a more potent catalyst for sustainable MSME growth in the Nigerian context. The study recommends targeted policies and capacity-building programmes that support non-technological innovation, particularly in marketing.
Marketing Innovation, Non-Technological Innovation, Nigerian MSMEs.Organisational Innovation, Sustainable Growth.
Influence of Digital Transformation Capabilities on Sustainable Competitive Advantage Among SMEs In Kwara State
In resource- and infrastructure-constrained developing economies, digital transformation has emerged as a key driver of SME competitiveness advantage. This paper examines the influence of digital transformation capabilities on sustainable competitive advantage for SMEs in Kwara State, Nigeria, drawing on diffusion of innovation theory and the resource-based view. In particular, the paper explores how digital infrastructure capabilities affect customer loyalty and retention, and the role of digital capabilities in sustainable, innovative performance. A cross-sectional survey design was used, and 360 SME owners and managers were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The study hypotheses were tested using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. The results indicate that the impact of digital infrastructure capability on customer loyalty and customer retention is positive and statistically significant, but of low intensity, suggesting that digital infrastructure could be perceived as an enabling environment for customer outcomes. On the contrary, digital skills have a strong and significant effect on sustainable innovation performance, explaining a high percentage of the variation in innovation sustainability in SMEs. The discoveries were used to emphasise that digital infrastructure is required, but the critical factor in determining the extent to which digital resources are converted into long-term competitive advantage and sustained innovation is the development of digital skills among owners and employees. However, the owners and managers of SMEs are advised to be more strategic in their digital transformation practices by moving beyond the acquisition of basic digital infrastructure to the systematic development of digital capabilities within their firms.
Digital transformation, digital capabilities, sustainability, competitive advantage.
Sustainable Product Promotion and Buying Behaviour of Generation Y Consumers of Coca Cola Products In Kwara State
Despite increasing global concern for environmental sustainability, a significant gap remains between consumers' environmental attitudes and their actual green purchasing behaviour. Although firms increasingly adopt environmentally friendly marketing strategies, evidence on their effectiveness in translating environmental concern into real purchasing decisions, particularly in developing economies, remains limited. This study investigated the impact of sustainable product promotion on the buying behaviour of Generation Y consumers of Coca-Cola products in Ilorin metropolis in Kwara State, Nigeria. Using cross-sectional survey design, the data were obtained from 385 consumers of Coca-Cola through Cochran's (1977) formula which represents the infinite population of Generation Y in the study area. An adapted questionnaire was used to measure sustainable promotion and buying behaviour of products. Data was analysed with the help of descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (regression analysis). The results show that sustainable product promotion has positive and significant impact 2 on the buying behaviour of Generation Y consumers (R = 0.493, â = 0.702, p < 0.001), supporting the positive impact of eco-friendly marketing initiatives on consumer engagement and buying decisions. The study adds to the literature on green marketing in emerging economies and offers practical insights for firms looking to exploit sustainability as a source of competitive advantage. It is recommended that Coca-Cola and similar firms should bolster eco-friendly promotion strategies, increase consumer awareness and provide engagement initiatives to reinforce environmentally responsible purchase behaviour.
Sustainable product promotion, Buying behaviour, Generation Y, Eco friendly marketing
The Influence of Black Tax on Entrepreneurship in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State: A PLS SEM Analysis
The study under review is strictly analytical about the implications of Black Tax on the performance of businesses among 350 business people located in Ilorin Metropolis in Kwara State in Nigeria. In this respect, Black Tax refers to a set of financial and psychosocial demands on individuals of members of the extended family- a field that has not received enough literature on African entrepreneurship. The research questions the role of three antecedent variables, Financial Obligation (FO), Psychosocial Burden (PB), and Familial Duty (FD) through three outcome variables of Business Growth (BG), Access to Capital (AC) and Entrepreneurial Stress (ES). In addition, it assesses the gender moderating effect. Using the cross sectional quantitative survey design, the data were gathered by use of a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Results have shown that FO and PB statistically affect BG negatively and at the same time increase ES. The model explains a significant percentage of the distinctions in ES, as well as a moderate one in AC. Notably, there is a moderate effect of gender in the PBES relationship where female entrepreneurs encounter increased stress. Thus, the research arrives at the conclusion that Black Tax is having a strong economic and psychological limitation on the performance of an entrepreneur and recommends specific financial support and psychological help to reduce these pressures and bring it into the stable operation of the company.
Black Tax, Ilorin Metropolis, Family Obligations, Entrepreneurial Stress
Adoption of Green Marketing Strategies on Consumer Attitudes In Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Manufacturing Company
In the contemporary manufacturing landscape, environmental sustainability has evolved from an ethical stance into a strategic imperative. This study investigates the adoption and effectiveness of green marketing strategies in Nigeria, focusing on Unilever Nigeria Plc. Using a quantitative survey design, the research employed a dual-population approach to assess both consumer attitudes and corporate practices.The consumer sample size was determined using Godden's (2014) model ($n = 385$), while the corporate sample ($n = 241$) was derived from a population of 603 managers via the Taro Yamane formula. Data from 626 respondents, selected through stratified sampling, were analyzed using regression techniques. The findings of the study through the simple linear regression show that attitude significantly predicted purchase intention (â = 0.466, t(383) = 10.32, p < 0.001), explaining 21.8% of the variance (R² = 0.218) as multiple regression showed that observability (â = 0.372, t = 6.14, p < 0.001) and relative advantage (â = 0.147, t = 2.46, p = 0.014) positively predicted adoption, whereas complexity had a negative effect (â = -0.120, t = -2.06, p = 0.040).The study concludes that aligning environmental awareness with corporate execution is critical for sustainable consumption in emerging markets. It recommends that Unilever Nigeria Plc focuses on reducing perceived barriers (complexity) while enhancing the visibility and tangible benefits of green initiatives. This alignment will better bridge the gap between corporate adoption and consumer purchase behavior.
Environmental Sustainability, Green Brand Loyalty, Green Consumer Attitude, Green Marketing, Green Purchase Intention
Technology-Based Entrepreneurship Adoption and Business Performance among Small-Scale Enterprises in Nigeria: Evidence from Selected Retail Specialty Stores in Oyo State
In an economy like Nigeria, technology-based entrepreneurship is becoming a key player in boosting the competitiveness and sustainability of businesses. This study examines the relationship between adopting technology-based entrepreneurship and the performance of small-scale enterprises (SSEs) in Oyo State, Nigeria, with a particular focus on the level of employee engagement as a key performance measure. A quantitative approach was used, gathering primary data through structured questionnaires distributed to all 118 managers of SSEs in selected retail specialty stores registered with SMEDAN. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient at a 5% significance level. The results show a strong and statistically significant positive connection between technology-based entrepreneurship adoption and SSEs performance (r = 0.978 for LTU; r = 0.947 for TE; r = 0.964 for LTA; p < 0.05). This suggests that effective technology usage, enhanced technological efficiency, and strategic technology acquisition contribute to higher levels of employee engagement. The study concludes by emphasizing that adopting technology-based entrepreneurship is crucial for SSEs' performance in Oyo State, Nigeria, and recommends that strategic investments in digital innovation and supportive government policies are essential for fostering sustainable business growth of SSEs in Oyo State, Nigeria
Technology-Based Entrepreneurship, Technology Adoption, Employee Engagement, Business Performance, Small-Scale Enterprises
Environmental Sustainability Practices and Customer Satisfaction In Selected Hotels In Ilorin, Nigeria
Investigating the association between environmental sustainability practices and customer satisfaction in selected hotels in Ilorin Nigeria is sacrosanct to help clear the air as to the myth into the perception of potential hotel users and customers and help hoteliers blend with laudable practices in the course of moving into the venture. This study examined the relationship and association between environmental sustainability practices and customer satisfaction in hotels in Ilorin ,Nigeria. The mixed methods approach was used , putting together quantitative surveys of hotels guests to measure satisfaction levels and qualitative interviews with hotel managers to assess the implementation and execution of sustainability practices . Two hotels purposively selected and purposive sampling technique was used in selecting 100 participants, who are selected hotel customers while two managers of the two selected hotels were selected for an in-depth interview. Logistic regression used to the association between environmental sustainability practices and customer satisfaction , while thematic analysis used to analyzed quantitative data that have been obtained from the in-depth interview and customer review. The moderate positive association between environmental sustainability practices and customer satisfaction in Ilorin hotels. Higher star demonstrate stronger correlations with respect to better resources and guests expectations while budget hotels face challenges like limited infrastructure and awareness. Effective communication of sustainability efforts significantly help guests satisfaction , particularly among younger, educated and environmentally conscious guests. Hence inconsistent execution and cultural misalignment of practices may weaken the impact in some climes.
investigation , association, environmental support practices ESPs, customer and satisfaction
Impact of Marketing Strategies on The Performance of Medium Enterprises (MES) In South-West Nigeria
Medium Enterprises (MEs) are a cornerstone of Nigeria's economic framework, contributing over 50% of industrial output and accounting for more than 86.3% of national employment. In South-West Nigeria, MEs face stiff market competition and operate in an economically volatile environment. Despite the importance of strategic marketing, many MEs lack effective product management and pricing strategies, resulting in low customer retention, poor brand differentiation, and declining profitability. Products are often generic, and pricing decisions are reactive—disconnected from customer value and market demand. This study investigates the impact of product management and pricing strategies on the performance of MEs in South-West Nigeria. A cross-sectional research design was employed, using structured questionnaires administered to 312 ME owners and managers across Lagos, Ogun, Oyo, Osun, Ondo, and Ekiti states. Multiple regression analysis were conducted to determine the influence of the two variables on business performance. The results of findings reveal that product management and pricing strategies significantly and positively impact ME performance, accounting for 89% of the variation in performance outcomes (R² = 0.89, p < 0.05). Product management (â = 0.4127) and pricing strategy (â = 0.3785) both demonstrated strong predictive power, confirming their critical role in driving revenue growth, customer satisfaction, and market competitiveness. Based on these findings, the study recommends that MEs invest in research and development (R&D) for product innovation, maintain robust quality control systems, and adopt value based and dynamic pricing models to align with consumer expectations and market trends. Policy interventions are also necessary to enhance ME access to training, market intelligence, and strategic marketing resources. Theoretically, the study reinforces the Resource-Advantage (R-A) Theory, demonstrating that MEs with 121 International Journal of Entrepreneurship Innovation and Management (IJEIM) Volume 4, No 1 (121-137) superior marketing capabilities—particularly in product and pricing strategy—achieve better competitive positioning and sustainable performance.
marketing capabilities, pricing strategy competitive positioning and sustainable performance.
Investigating The Impact of Innovativeness and Proactiveness on Family-Owned Restaurants Performance In Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Abstract In today's dynamic business environment marked by market volatility, resource constraints, and increasing consumer demands, entrepreneurial orientation particularly innovativeness and proactiveness have become crucial, especially in developing economies. This study investigates how these dimensions influence the performance of family-owned restaurant businesses in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted, targeting registered family restaurants. Due to the lack of an official registry, the population was treated as infinite, and a sample of 384 respondents was determined using Taro Yamane's formula. A multi-stage sampling technique, involving stratified and systematic random sampling, was adopted to ensure representativeness. Data were gathered using structured questionnaire and analysed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) via Smart PLS. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between innovativeness and business performance (p < 0.05), aligning with the Resource-Based View (RBV) that intangible assets like innovation offer competitive advantage. However, proactiveness showed no significant effect (p = 0.944) and even had a slight negative influence (beta = -0.018), suggesting misaligned anticipatory actions may not benefit resource-constrained family firms. The study concludes that while innovativeness enhances performance, proactiveness alone may be insufficient. Promoting customer-centric innovation and digital adoption could improve competitiveness. This research adds to entrepreneurial orientation literature by highlighting contextual influences on family business success in emerging markets.
Family Business, Performance, Innovativeness, Proactiveness
User-Generated Content of Tiktok Engagement on Consumer Purchase Intention
Consumer purchase intention has become an important area of investigation in digital marketing as social media platforms increasingly shape consumer decision making processes. Among these platforms, TikTok has emerged as a rapidly growing social commerce environment where user-generated content (UGC) plays a central role in influencing consumer perceptions and purchasing behaviour. Despite the growing popularity of TikTok, limited empirical studies have examined how engagement with UGC influences consumer purchase intention, particularly in emerging markets. This study therefore examines the influence of TikTok engagement factors—attitude, trust, customer engagement, and perceived authenticity—on consumer purchase intention among TikTok users in Nigeria. A quantitative research design was adopted, and data were collected from 189 TikTok users using a structured questionnaire. The reliability of the measurement scales was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha coefficients exceeding the acceptable threshold. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the aid of SPSS and AMOS software. The results indicate that attitude, customer engagement, and perceived authenticity significantly and positively influence consumer purchase intention, while trust shows a significant but negative relationship with purchase intention. Collectively, the engagement factors explain a substantial proportion of the variance in consumer purchase intention. The findings highlight the importance of authentic and engaging user-generated content in shaping consumer behaviour on social media platforms. The study provides practical insights for marketers and brand managers seeking to leverage TikTok as a strategic platform for enhancing consumer engagement and stimulating purchase intentions through user-generated content.
Artificial Intelligence, Consumer Purchase Intention, Habit Theory,Tiktok
Poverty Reduction and Women Entrepreneurship In Oke-Ogun Area Of Oyo State
Despite increasing global advocacy for gender equality and economic inclusion, women in many Nigerian communities continue to face structural and socio-cultural barriers that limit their economic participation. This study tends to examine the contribution of women entrepreneurship to poverty reduction in the Oke-Ogun area of Oyo State, Nigeria. Using a descriptive survey design, primary data were collected from 200 women in Oke-Ogun area. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The regression result for hypothesis one showed that women entrepreneurship activities had a positive but statistically insignificant effect on poverty reduction (â = 0.024, p > 0.05) and hypothesis two revealed no significant relationship between entrepreneurial opportunities and poverty reduction (r = -0.002, p > 0.05). Findings reveal that women entrepreneurship significantly improves living standards, enhances self-reliance, and enables women to meet basic needs. However, regression results indicate that while women entrepreneurship activities show a positive relationship with poverty reduction, the effect is statistically insignificant. Key challenges identified include limited access to credit, poor infrastructure, cultural constraints, high cost of raw materials, and insecurity. The study recommends strengthened institutional support, improved access to finance, infrastructural development, and targeted entrepreneurial training programs to enhance the poverty-reducing potential of women entrepreneurship
Economic Empowerment, Poverty Reduction, Rural Development, Women Entrepreneurship
Financial Technology Companies and Small and Medium Enterprises: A Transformative Relationship
This study examined the impact of financial technology on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ogun State, Nigeria, focusing on financial inclusion, access to financial services, and business growth. A quantitative survey design was adopted using a sample of 300 registered SME operators drawn from a population of 1,200 through simple random sampling. Data were collected via a structured Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS, employing descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and ANOVA.The results indicated that financial technology adoption has a significant positive effect on SME performance (R² = 0.64, p < 0.05), explaining 64% of the variation in business performance. Similarly, financial technology significantly improves access to financial services (R² = 0.58, p < 0.05), while emerging financial technologies positively influence financial inclusion (R² = 0.61, p < 0.05). The ANOVA results further confirm that the regression models are statistically significant.The study concluded that financial technology is a key driver of SME growth and inclusion in Nigeria and recommends policies that promote digital financial adoption and infrastructure development.
Financial technology, SMEs, financial inclusion, business performance, Nigeria.
Strategic Human Resource Management and Technology Advancement In The 21st Century: A Study of HR Professionals In Selected Healthcare Institutions In Kwara State
To respond to the increasing demand to adopt more technology-based strategic human resource management (SHRM) as an evidence-based strategic management decision-making, the paper will discuss the critical intersection point of SHRM with technological advancement in improving service quality among HR professionals in the healthcare sector of Nigeria. The areas of research discussed are strategic factors, such as training and mentorship, career development, performance appraisal, and talent management, which could be both the proxies and the most important aspects of the SHRM engagement with the technological advances, where the quality of the healthcare industry is significantly influenced. The research design was a descriptive survey that was carried out in the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (U.I.T.H) and Kwara State University Teaching Hospital (KWASUTH), which had a population of registered healthcare providers of 600. A sample of 234 participants was selected because of a purposive and stratified random sampling plan using the Krejcie and Morgan formula. Data analysis is conducted through Ordinary Least Squares (O.L.S) regression and Conditional Analysis with the assistance of SPSS and Macro process, which gave a chance to organize a successful exploration of the relations between SHRM-technology. P-P plot, regression standardized residual and Histogram plot were the normality tests conducted. In addition, the Breusch-Pagan test that indicates the chi-square robustness to be 1.6611 which is less than the critical at the degree of freedom of 3 (p value=0.6456>0.05) indicates no heteroskedasticity in the model, and the shape of the residuals, the skewness and kurtosis values are 0.2105 and 0.2996 respectively and the test of normality indicates the chi-square value of 1.8834 at the degree of freedom This shows that assumption of normality and homoscedasticity of running O.L.S regression model was passed. It was only in a very small predictive power that was seen in the study to be attributed to the adoption of advanced technology-driven to improve the SHRM in the healthcare institution, but in a real-life situation this very small predictive power in a higher advanced level of technology-driven to improve the healthcare institution compared to the lower or average level when being applied in a higher advance stage.
Strategic Human Resources Management, Technology Advancement, HR professionals
How Entrepreneurial Exposure Shapes SME Performance: Evidence From Kwara State, Nigeria
Small degree of entrepreneurial exposure among manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises in Kwara State often measured by entrepreneurial networking and structured training engagement, ultimately constraining sales growth and profitability performance. This study examined entrepreneurial exposure and performance of small and medium enterprises in Kwara State. The study's population consists of 5,071 registered owners of manufacturing SMEs in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, and a sample size of 364 was determined using the Raosoft sample size calculator. Primary data was gathered through a structured questionnaire. Out of 364 questionnaires distributed, 340 valid responses were retrieved with a response rate of 93.4%. Simple random sampling technique was utilized. Multiple regression analysis was utilized to analyze the data and test the hypotheses with the aid of statistical software (SPSS). The results of the study showed that entrepreneurial networks had a significant positive impact on sales growth (â = 0.671, t = 14.563, p < 0.05), while entrepreneurial training had a significant positive impact on profitability (â = 0.742, t = 15.355, p < 0.05). The study concluded that entrepreneurial exposure significantly impacts the performance of small and medium enterprises in Kwara State. The study recommended that SME owners in Kwara State should strengthen entrepreneurial networking and invest consistently in structured training to enhance sales growth and profitability
entrepreneurial network, entrepreneurial training, profitability, sales growth.
Green Human Resource Management and Sustainable Employee Behavior: A Qualitative Exploration of HR Practices and Environmental Performance
Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) has been receiving more and more attention with organisations trying to incorporate the concept of environmental sustainability in human resource practices. With the heightening of the climate change issues and increases in the demands of corporate responsibility, the HR can also be placed in a position to enable the sustainability of an organization by promoting environmental responsibility among employees. The research paper examines the perceived effect of some of the GHRM practices such as green recruitment, sustainability-oriented training, environmentally oriented performance management, and reward systems on the perceived eco-friendly behaviour of employees in organizations.A qualitative multi-case study was used to study Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices in manufacturing, technology, education and public sector organizations in Nigeria. Purposive sampling was used to interview 18 HR professionals and employees engaged in sustainability initiatives in semi-structured interviews. The data was complemented by corporate sustainability reports and HR policy manuals (2022-2025). Thematic analysis created four themes that include integrating environmental goals in HR practices, employee view of green initiatives, implementation barriers, and perceived outcomes. Results have shown that eco-friendly behavior is promoted by leadership support and alignment between HR policies and sustainability goals, but it is hindered by limited resources, cultural obstacles, and a lack of expertise. In general, the research offers a qualitative understanding of how organizations practice GHRM and what factors could affect their effectiveness in various industries.
Green Human Resource Management (GHRM), Sustainable Employee Behaviour, Environmental Sustainability, HR Practices, Environmental Performance