Design, fabrication, and performance analysis of a locally sourced hot-air balloon for high-temperature environments

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This research focuses on addressing the difficulty of manufacturing low-cost aerial platforms in developing regions by fabricating a functional hot-air balloon in Ilorin, Nigeria, with the exclusive use of indigenous materials. The methodology involved the use of polyester and Teru fabrics, developed from a novel Acrylic- Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA) sealing method and a locally sourced borax-boric acid fire retardant. Quantitative analysis of the components shows that the treated fabric attained an 80-85% air permeability reduction rate while the burner system achieved a 62% heat target output. The analysis also indicated an underestimated significant buoyancy penalty of over 12% resulting from high ambient temperatures (35°C). In conclusion, this study successfully shows the viability of utilizing local materials for functional aerospace vehicle components, developing a vital methodological framework. Hence, it provides needed performance data for future low-cost designs in high-temperature environments.